Operational
Colossus 1
SpaceXAI · Memphis, United States
Colossus 1 is a operational data center project in Memphis, United States. This record brings together its location, estimated IT capacity, construction timeline, water-disclosure gaps and original sources.
Epoch AI · Checked 2026-09-15 · Owner confidence: confident
AI data center listed by Epoch AI.
Request water-use information →Estimated operating IT capacity
340 MW
Source observation: 2026-06-15
Site water use
Not yet verified
No site-level value published in this atlas
Local water stress
Not yet assessed
Regional context has not been added
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Project timeline
Source notes reproduced from Epoch AI. Future projections are excluded. Status may have changed since the latest observation.
No major changes to the data center since February. Solar panels have been placed next to the facility.
We assume that Anthropic has started using Colossus 1 now, since the announcement said they would get access to 300 MW "within the month" of May.
Anthropic announces their agreement with SpaceX to use all of the compute capacity at Colossus 1. They state that this corresponds to more than 300 MW (presumably IT power) and over 220,000 GPUs. This is slightly different to previous reports adding up to 230,000 GPUs, but still roughly consistent with our estimates.
All air-cooled chillers have been disconnected and/or removed from the site, leaving only the cooling towers for cooling. The third substation looks complete, with red cables connected to the building.
Third substation was expected to power the building in Fall.
There is still construction visible in the third substation yard and next to the new cooling towers.
Third substation looks completed, but it doesn't appear to be connected to the building yet. Some air-cooled chillers removed, while large cooling towers are added.
30k B200s added (in GB200 configuration).
Second substation almost connected (red cables)
150k H100s and 50k H200s online. This is roughly when Musk said, plus on this date they reported "running jobs with 150K+ GPUs".
First significant/useful training workload on 25k H100s.
Construction starts with a road added on site, retrofitting a former Electrolux building.
Location
3231 Riverport Rd, Memphis, TN 38109
View the surrounding area ↗Sources & further reading
- Epoch AI — dataset and methodology ↗
- May 2025 Electricity Provider Disclosure ↗
- July 2025 Permit for Gas Turbines ↗
- Southern Environmental Law Center Gas Permit Appeal, with additional satellite images ↗
- Disclosure on X (formerly Twitter) by Elon Musk of the breakdown of GPUs ↗
- Anthropic announcement ↗
Dataset attribution: Epoch AI, CC BY.
Local context is still being researched
No independently reviewed permit summary or community report has been added here. This does not mean there are no permits, concerns or impacts.
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Frequently asked questions about Colossus 1
Where is Colossus 1?
Colossus 1 is listed at 3231 Riverport Rd, Memphis, TN 38109. The project is in Memphis, United States.
How much power does Colossus 1 use?
The latest source-backed estimate in this atlas is 340 MW of operating IT capacity, observed for 2026-06-15. This is an estimate of computing capacity, not metered annual electricity consumption.
How much water does Colossus 1 use?
No verified site-level water withdrawal or consumption figure has been added to this atlas. A missing figure means the value is not verified here, not that the project uses no water.